Hypokalemia (Low Potassium) in Elderly Group

Published: January 5, 2021 Category: Doctor Says Author: Doctor House
Electrolyte monitoring for elderly patients

Critical Electrolyte Imbalance

Hypokalemia can be life-threatening in elderly patients if not detected and treated promptly.

Hypokalemia may result from inadequate potassium intake, increased potassium excretion, or a shift of potassium from the extracellular to the intracellular space. Increased excretion is the most common mechanism. Electrolyte imbalance is a common problem affecting the elderly.

Serious Consequences

Lower potassium levels in elderly may lead to severe problems and worse case scenario fatal death can occur if levels are too low.

Severe hypokalemia may manifest as bradycardia with cardiovascular collapse. Cardiac arrhythmias and acute respiratory failure from muscle paralysis are life-threatening complications that require immediate diagnosis.

Early Signs of Hypokalemia

Have you heard your elderly parents complaining such signs and symptoms?

Physical Symptoms:

  • • Body weakness
  • • Fatigue
  • • Muscle cramps or twitching
  • • Constipation
  • • Arrhythmia (abnormal heart rhythms)
  • • Worsening diabetes control
  • • Palpitations
  • • Tingling or numbness

Psychological Symptoms:

  • • Psychosis
  • • Delirium
  • • Hallucinations
  • • Depression
  • • Memory impairment
  • • Disorientation
  • • Confusion

What Causes Low Potassium in Elderly Adults?

1. Malnutrition and Dehydration

  • • Eating unhealthy foods or not eating at all
  • • Lack of hydration leading to potassium loss

2. Medications

  • Most common cause: excessive potassium loss in urine
  • • Water pills or diuretics
  • • Prescribed for high blood pressure or heart disease

Serious Complications

If left untreated, severe hypokalemia can lead to:

  • Paralysis
  • Cardiac arrhythmias
  • Cardiac arrest
  • Respiratory failure

Doctor House Electrolyte Management

Our specialized team provides comprehensive electrolyte monitoring and management for elderly patients, including blood tests and treatment for hypokalemia at home.